Archive Issues

Artificial intelligence technologies, such as ChatGPT, that have transformative capabilities are valuable in diverse contexts due to their ability to generate intricate written content that is indistinguishable from content authored by humans. Technology can exert both advantageous and detrimental impacts on organizations, society, and individuals. This study seeks to explore the potential advantages and disadvantages of the Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT) AI, along with other forthcoming technologies, by employing a speculative approach. This essay examines the function, positioning, and repercussions of ChatGPT and generative artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in response to the shifting landscape of higher education and current society. In order to analyse emerging trends and discuss their implications for education in the twenty-first century, this study presents speculative narratives that focus specifically on educational settings. We view ChatGPT as an innovation generated by students, with significant potential to enhance students' educational experiences and resources by combining technological capabilities with educational requirements. Higher education institutions strive to strike a balance between the benefits and drawbacks of incorporating and expanding the use of this technology. In order to capitalize on this opportunity for innovative assessment practice, the researcher organized a survey to get insights from the students. The participants took an online survey that included a limited number of questions, which were both scaled and open-ended. Keywords: ChatGPT, AI, Education, Technology, Students.

Corporate governance is pivotal in fostering transparency, accountability, and ethical conduct within organizations, especially in safeguarding shareholders against financial shenanigans. This study investigates the role of corporate governance in mitigating financial mismanagement from a shareholder perspective. Utilizing primary data from 250 shareholders, the research employs statistical tools to analyze perceptions of governance mechanisms, such as independent board oversight and audit effectiveness. Key findings reveal that board independence and active shareholder involvement are critical to preventing misconduct, while areas like executive compensation structures require improvement. The study emphasizes the need for robust governance frameworks to enhance trust and ensure corporate sustainability. Keywords: Corporate governance, financial shenanigans, shareholder perspective, board independence, transparency, executive compensation, audit effectiveness.

Organizational change management process impacts despite top-notch leaders driving the show, a key element to be deep-dived when one looks at Twitter buy-out. The purpose of the case study is to cover the journey of Twitter from one of the most acknowledged tools for the latest news to becoming a self-controversial subject and getting rebranded as ‘X’. Elon Musk's buy-out of Twitter and imposed changes created controversies and made people question Musk's leadership and approach toward organizational change. It focuses on understanding the critical issues that arose post-Twitter buy-out and the changes implemented. It also discusses a few solutions to the problems identified from an organizational behavior perspective, which can be a good fit for Twitter to leave its past and implement to ensure a smooth transition and stakeholder engagement at all levels to build trust! In addition to looking at more avenues to make revenue. The recommendations blend Kotter’s 8-step process and Kanter’s ten commandments as part of the change management processes. It is further concluded with approaches that Twitter can choose to continue revenue generation while they address the various threats from competitors and other governmental agencies. There are many unknowns, and the world is waiting to watch how the company strives to bring back its reputation through rebranding and various other challenges from internal and external stakeholders. Keywords: Twitter, Elon Musk, X, Leadership style, Organization Culture, Employee Relations

In this era of digitalization, the Central Bank has revolutionized to overcome borders and adopt new technologies, which could improve the cash cycle of the economy, which has to be faster in circulation. This study attempts to understand the level of awareness among the people in Bengaluru City about the functions of the Digital Rupee. 200 respondents were surveyed and their level of awareness was analyzed with various statistical tools. The results show a significant relationship between the age group and respondents favoring a cashless economy. Younger adults would want to avoid carrying their physical wallets and would want just their phones to help in carrying out transactions. Hence, it can be inferred that these younger adults have a positive approach towards the country going cashless. The expected functionality of the digital rupee is predicted to fulfill the public's transaction needs. However, it can be said that the concept of digital rupee has reached a good amount of audience via various channels. Keywords: Digital Rupee, Block Chain Technology, Digital Wallet, Cashless Economy, digitalization, cash cycle.

Digitalization has a significant influence on the financial services, financial technology also known as digital finance is an effective and inventive field that reaps its benefits from advancements in information and communication technology. The aim of this paper is to analyse the factors which influence the usage of financial technology with the aid of three independent variables namely ease of use, security and affordability, Multiple regression test was conducted with 95% as the level of significance. The results suggested that security aspect of fintech has a significant influence on the usage of it, while the ease of use and affordability did not seem to have a significant influence on the usage of fintech. This paper explores the determinants of the adoption of fintech services with special emphasis on usability, security, and cost. The results show that ease of use does not significantly affect the use of fintech services, possibly because customers with low levels of technological literacy may not use fintech services unless the ease of use results in a certain level of mastery. On the other hand, security has a statistically significant impact on the usage of fintech since the rising crime rate and the need to minimize risks of theft and corruption are pushing society to embrace cashless, easily auditable digital transactions. Surprisingly, there is no significant correlation between affordability and the use of fintech, which may be due to the lack of internet connection and cheap devices in the study area. Another limitation is the relatively high price of internet connection and the devices required to access fintech services. Based on these findings, it is recommended that fintech providers and policymakers shift their attention towards improving the security and reliability of fintech platforms as well as improving the existing infrastructure and affordability to improve the overall uptake of Fintech products. That is why measures aimed at increasing digital competencies in using financial technologies may also be important for increasing the usage rates of fintech products among populations with low levels of IT education and digital financial inclusion.

Purpose – The objectives of the study is to understand the current psychological contract of police constables and its impact on employee productivity. Additionally, the study aims to identify any discrepancies between the perceived psychological contract and the actual contract provided by the organization. Research methods – The study is descriptive in nature and uses a mono method quantitative approach to collect data from the police constables. The total number of constables in Bangalore city was 2180 and the number of them satisfying the research criteria was 1524, out of which constables who interacted and permitted the researcher to collect primary data for the study were 130. The data collection tool was adapted from the previous studies, and the data was analyzed using the SPSS and AMOS software Results – The findings of the study show that there is moderate psychological contract among police constables. The relationship between psychological contract and employee productivity is significant and there is a strong positive relationship. The police department is suggested to focus on strengthening the psychological contract between police constables and the organization in order to enhance employee productivity. This can be achieved by clearly communicating the expectations and obligations of both parties and ensuring that they are aligned. By addressing any discrepancies between the perceived and actual contract, the organization can build trust and foster a positive work environment, ultimately leading to increased productivity among police constables. Originality – The originality of the study lies in its focus on the specific context of police constables, as previous research on the psychological contract has primarily been conducted in other industries. This study aims to fill the gap in the literature by examining the unique challenges and expectations faced by police constables, and how these factors impact their psychological contract. By understanding the intricacies of the psychological contract in this context, organizations can tailor their strategies and policies to better meet the needs of their police constables, ultimately leading to increased productivity and job satisfaction Implications - The implications of the study are to provide insights for police organizations in Bangalore city to improve their management practices and strengthen the psychological contract with their constables. This could lead to increased employee satisfaction and motivation, resulting in higher levels of productivity. Furthermore, by addressing any discrepancies between perceived and actual contracts, organizations can establish trust and transparency, fostering a positive work environment and enhancing overall employee performance. Ultimately, the findings of this study could contribute to the development of strategies that optimize the psychological contract and improve productivity among police constables. Key words- Psychological Contract, Employee Productivity, Police Constables Funding Agency – UGC Minor Research Project funding

This study investigates the relationship between employee satisfaction and business performance in Ernakulam City, Kerala. Employee satisfaction, encompassing key factors such as job contentment, work-life balance, compensation, and organisational culture, has become a critical determinant of organisational success. Satisfied employees are typically more motivated, productive, and engaged in their work, directly influencing important business outcomes such as profitability, customer satisfaction, and overall organisational performance. Conversely, employee dissatisfaction often results in lower productivity, higher turnover rates, increased absenteeism, and a negative impact on a company’s reputation, all of which can undermine business performance. The aim of this research is to explore the ways in which employee satisfaction influences business performance and identify the specific factors contributing to employee satisfaction in Ernakulam. To achieve this, data was collected through surveys and interviews conducted with employees and business leaders from a variety of industries within the region. The study's findings reveal that businesses with higher employee satisfaction report better overall performance, including improved productivity, increased customer loyalty, and higher profitability. The results suggest that relevant factors say fair compensation, a positive organisational culture, and a balanced work-life environment play vital roles in enhancing employee satisfaction and driving business success. This research provides valuable insights for business leaders in Ernakulam, highlighting the importance of prioritizing employee well-being as a strategy for achieving sustainable business growth. By fostering a supportive and motivating work environment, businesses can enhance their competitive edge, retain top talent, and ensure long-term success. The study concludes with actionable recommendations for Organisation s looking to improve employee satisfaction and leverage it as a strategic asset for business growth and improved performance. This study contributes to the growing understanding of the connection between employee satisfaction and business performance in regional and urban contexts. Keywords: Employee Satisfaction, Business Performance, Ernakulam City, Organisational Success, Financial Performance.

This study investigates the role of AI-Driven Customer Relationship Management (CRM) systems in enhancing hybrid learning models by bridging traditional in-person education and digital platforms. The research focuses on learners' perceptions, engagement, and satisfaction while addressing their expectations and concerns. A quantitative methodology approach was employed, incorporating data from 192 learners pursuing in hybrid learning. Key findings reveal that AI-Driven CRM systems significantly improve communication effectiveness, with learners reporting enhanced clarity, collaboration, and timely feedback. Personalization features, such as tailored recommendations and adaptive content, emerged as critical drivers of satisfaction, accounting for a substantial variance in positive learner outcomes. While engagement metrics were consistent across usage frequencies, the study highlighted the systems' ability to maintain learner interest and productivity. However, challenges persist, including concerns about data privacy, technical reliability, and potential loss of human interaction. Learners’ familiar with AI technologies demonstrated higher acceptance, underlining the importance of digital literacy initiatives for seamless integration. The study underscores the transformative potential of AI-Driven CRM systems in hybrid learning but emphasizes the need for ethical, secure, and user-centric designs to maximize their effectiveness. This research contributes to the understanding of AI in education, offering actionable recommendations for developers, educators, and policymakers to optimize these systems for diverse learner needs. Keywords: AI-Driven CRM, Hybrid Learning, Learner Engagement, Personalization, Digital Education.

Co-working spaces brings recent global trend driven by the digitalized and sharing economy. Co-working incorporates various elements of office communities, telecenters, home office concepts, virtual work, teams, communities, and different practices, specifically providing a cross-sectoral working community with more opportunities and flexibility for social interaction. An appropriate and suitable platform is provided by the co-working spaces through which businesspersons can inspire fresh co-working users and encourage their targets to launch start-ups. These indirect impacts are not studied by researchers who mainly focus on the positive influence on workers' performance. Hence, the present study analyses the co-working spaces and their associated service design, exploring a better start-up culture. Further, it evaluates the trending of co-working spaces among freelancers, knowledge workers, start-up communities, and others engaged in innovation and Creativity in an urban environment. In addition, the research discusses the global start-up culture, explores recent innovations in the working environment, and reviews the co-working practices and innovations in service design for start-up culture. Keywords: - Co-working spaces, start-up culture, Service design, Creativity and innovation

The phenomenon of international migration, particularly for education and career opportunities, has become a significant aspect of contemporary life in many regions of the world. Among these, Kerala, India, has witnessed a growing trend of student migration, driven by various factors such as educational aspirations, career prospects, and the desire for improved living standards. Despite the significant body of literature on migration, there is a gap in understanding the specific factors influencing students’ intentions to migrate abroad, especially from regions like Kerala, which has a unique socio-economic and cultural landscape. This study aims to explore the motivations, perceptions, and decision-making processes that guide student migration intentions from Kerala. The study employs a mixed-methods research design to gain a comprehensive understanding of the issue. A combination of qualitative interviews and quantitative surveys was used to collect data from students currently enrolled in higher education institutions in Kerala. The study focuses on undergraduate and postgraduate students, as these groups are most likely to consider migration for educational and career purposes. The qualitative interviews provide an in-depth look at the personal, social, and emotional factors influencing migration intentions, while the quantitative survey captures the broader trends and patterns across a larger sample of students. The findings of the study reveal several key factors that influence the intention to migrate abroad. Among these, the primary motivators include the perceived quality of education and better career prospects abroad. Students believe that international education provides them with an edge in the global job market, especially in highly competitive fields such as technology, healthcare, and business. Additionally, economic factors such as higher earning potential, better job security, and the ability to support families back home are significant drivers of migration intentions. Family influence also plays a crucial role in students’ decisions. Many students reported that family members, particularly those with prior international exposure or overseas employment, encourage migration for educational purposes. Societal expectations of success and social mobility further reinforce these aspirations. Additionally, the desire for enhanced quality of life, including access to better healthcare, infrastructure, and a safer environment, were identified as important non-educational factors driving migration decisions. However, the study also identifies several barriers to migration, such as financial constraints, the complexity of visa procedures, and concerns about cultural adaptation. Despite these challenges, many students expressed strong intentions to migrate, indicating that the benefits of migration outweigh these perceived obstacles.The role of governmental and institutional policies, both in Kerala and in the destination countries, was also explored. The study found that policies promoting overseas education, scholarships, and ease of visa processing have a positive impact on students’ decisions to migrate. Furthermore, the global migration trends, particularly in response to changing political and economic landscapes, also shape students’ perceptions of migration feasibility. In conclusion, the study sheds light on the multidimensional nature of student migration intentions from Kerala. While the desire for better educational opportunities and career prospects remains the central driver, social, familial, and economic factors also play critical roles. These insights can inform policymakers, educational institutions, and migration consultants who aim to better understand and cater to the needs of students considering international migration. The study also calls for further research into the long-term effects of migration on the socio-economic development of Kerala and the role of international migration in shaping the region’s future. Keywords: Student migration, Kerala, international migration, socio-economic factors, migration intention, policy impact.

Entrepreneurial competency among youth plays a pivotal role in fostering sustainable development, particularly in regions like Assam, which possess unique cultural and economic landscapes. This research examines the extent to which entrepreneurial skills among the educated youth contribute to sustainable economic growth and social development in Assam. Drawing on primary and secondary data, the study identifies key competencies such as strategic thinking, innovation, leadership, and risk management that are essential for successful entrepreneurship. The research highlights current challenges faced by youth in Assam, including limited access to financial resources, inadequate infrastructure, and educational gaps that do not fully align with practical entrepreneurial needs. Moreover, societal attitudes and risk-averse mindsets further hinder entrepreneurial pursuits. However, Assam’s rich natural resources and cultural diversity present significant opportunities for developing sustainable business models that align with environmental conservation and community upliftment. The study also reviews existing governmental and non-governmental initiatives, such as skill development programs and startup incubation centers, assessing their effectiveness in fostering a supportive ecosystem for youth entrepreneurship. By analyzing case studies of successful young entrepreneurs from the region, the paper demonstrates the potential for leveraging entrepreneurial competencies to create scalable and sustainable economic solutions. The research underscores the importance of aligning educational systems with entrepreneurship-focused curricula, expanding access to mentorship and funding, and fostering a culture that embraces innovation and sustainability. Recommendations include enhanced public-private partnerships, policy adjustments to strengthen entrepreneurial support, and targeted training programs that incorporate sustainable development principles. Keywords: Entrepreneurial competency, youth empowerment, sustainable development, Assam, entrepreneurship education.

Business Intelligence (BI) and Business Analytics (BA) have emerged as two separate but related fields that assist businesses utilizing data for making decisions and optimizing productivity throughout various industries. The capacity to successfully examine and interpret the enormous volumes of data generated by firms can determine whether a project succeeds or fails. To help decision-makers ask the appropriate questions, find hidden patterns, and make wise decisions, both business analytics and business intelligence offer distinct routes through the complicated world of data. Also, as data volume and complexity increase, both BA and BI play an ever-more-important role in determining corporate success. As a result, firms looking to obtain a competitive advantage now find that using BA and BI effectively is essential. This article explores the concept and the real-world applications of BI and BA, presenting sector-specific examples that demonstrate their transformative impact. The study begins with an overview of the fundamental concepts and tools in BI and BA, distinguishing between descriptive, predictive, and prescriptive analytics. It explores the sectoral applications of BI and BA, which include healthcare, retail, finance, and manufacturing with various examples. It also outlines emerging trends in AI integration, sustainability analytics, and remote work analytics. In conclusion, it underlines the growing importance of BI and BA in shaping industry practices and calls for further research to address the existing challenges and unlock new opportunities. Keywords: Business Intelligence (BI), Business Analytics (BA), Predictive Analytics, Data-Driven Decision-Making.

Digital payments are a way to transfer money or digital currency between two parties using a digital device or platform. They can be made online or through mobile devices. Digital payments have revolutionized the way we transact, making it easier, faster, and more secure than traditional cash-based methods. These payments involve the electronic transfer of funds, typically using a digital device like a smartphone, tablet, or computer. This paper attempts to understand the basics of digital payments in India with an insight of all the basic terms and concepts including the widespread of digital payments in recent times. It can be absolutely concluded that this new age technology transforms the financial sector globally.

The cryptocurrency market, characterized by its extreme volatility and speculative nature, poses significant risk and reward opportunities for investors. This paper explores the dynamics of risk and volatility within cryptocurrency markets, with a focus on Bitcoin, Ethereum, and other leading digital assets. Drawing exclusively on data from widely recognized online financial sources, this study examines the interplay between cryptocurrency volatility and traditional asset behaviour under market stress conditions. Key crisis events—including the 2016 Brexit referendum, the 2017 market correction, and the 2020 COVID-19 crash—serve as case studies to highlight how cryptocurrencies diverge in risk profiles from conventional assets like Gold and the S&P 500. Additionally, correlations between Bitcoin, Gold, and US Treasury Bonds illustrate the nuanced hedge potential of cryptocurrencies in both short- and long-term investment horizons. This analysis underscores the importance of understanding cryptocurrency behaviour as it matures, while providing insights into the broader financial implications of incorporating these assets into traditional portfolios amidst economic uncertainties. Keywords: cryptocurrency, Bitcoin, Ethereum, volatility, risk management, market stress, hedge potential

The present study required to foresee the inclination toward green entrepreneurship among the younger generation. The study employed a descriptive approach by collecting cross‐sectional data. Bachelor degree students in Arts and Science College and entrepreneurship courses comprised the respondents. The study analyzed 110 usable survey questionnaires in its final estimation. The results obtained by employing simple percentage analysis and chi – square test show the positive and significant impact of sustainability orientation and sustainability education on the green entrepreneurship inclination among younger generation. In contrast, the significant level effect of self‐efficacy on green entrepreneurship inclination is detected among respondents. The study's findings would support the government, policy makers, and university authorities in developing a tailor‐made awareness program through building a curriculum that could offer greater inclination toward green and sustainable education. Keywords : Green Economy, Green Entrepreneurship Inclination, Future Generation, Quality Of Life, Self‐Efficacy, Sustainability Education, Sustainability Orientation

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are the backbone of the Indian economy, contributing significantly to GDP, employment, and exports. However, despite their critical role, MSMEs face numerous challenges, including limited access to finance, technology constraints, and regulatory hurdles. This paper examines the current problems and future prospects of MSMEs in India through a secondary data analysis approach. By evaluating government initiatives and global trends, the study offers actionable insights and recommendations for the sustainable growth of MSMEs in India. Keywords: MSMEs, India, Challenges, Prospects, GDP, Export, Employment, Government Policies, Economic Growth

Smart tourism is heavily dependent on the ability to not only gather vast amounts of data, but also to effectively store, process, merge, analyze, and utilize big data to drive business innovation, operations, and services through the use of artificial intelligence and big data techniques. Smart tourism is the dynamic integration of human experiences with intelligent technologies. It is closely associated with the advancement of Smart Cities and is closely aligned with advancements in technologies such as Artificial Intelligence, IoT, Big Data, and 5G. The core principles of smart tourism revolve around enhancing tourism experiences, optimizing resource management efficiency, and maximizing destination competitiveness with a strong focus on sustainability. Smart tourism offers advantages such as upgraded tourism experiences, easy access to information about local attractions, and enhanced transportation networks. It also boosts the performance and competitiveness of tourism-related businesses. By utilizing AI-driven recommendation systems, travelers can receive personalized suggestions for attractions, dining options, and activities that cater to their preferences, with these recommendations continuously evolving to provide more precise and relevant tips as time passes. This study involved a questionnaire survey of 320 participants, utilizing stratified random sampling. The tourism sector is gaining prominence as a field of study focusing on these topics recently. Key Words: Artificial intelligence, Technology, Smart tourism

In the realm of higher education, Information and Communication Technology (ICT) tools have become indispensable resources for college professors, revolutionizing the way they teach, communicate, and engage with students. These tools offer a diverse range of capabilities, enhancing the teaching and learning experience by providing efficient means of content delivery, collaboration, assessment, and communication. College professors leverage ICT tools to create dynamic and interactive learning environments that cater to the needs of diverse student populations. Key words: College Professors, ICT Tools and Performance

The study considered the cookie cutting approach to understand the clear cut contribution of respective driving factor role in understanding the behavioural economics of the customers and also identifying the key problems it experiencing, while delivering the services to their customers. The study looked at the broking and banking services provided by fintech companies such as Angel One, Zarodha, Paytm, Gpay, and PhonePe. The study used a descriptive research approach for the objectives and applied the neural network to know the driving factors for the fintech firms to understand the behavioural economics of customers. The study found that "Improved risk management identified to be the major driving element for the fintech enterprises in understanding the consumers' behavioural economics. Fintech companies that use behavioural economics principles can gain valuable insights into customer behaviour and preferences, allowing them to create more targeted and effective marketing campaigns and product offerings, as well as influence financial decision-making. Fintech companies can design products and services that reduce risk and increase overall financial stability. The study observed that Regulations had the largest loading, indicating that fintech enterprises are expanding in industry 4.0 and that capital and financial markets According to the study, information and decision overload are behavioural issues that fintech organisations encounter. Key words: Behavioural Economics, Fintech, EFA

The credit of rapid growth of Indian stock market is owed to Liberalization, privatization and globalization included with the increasing global demand and supply. This indeed has demanded a huge amount of capital for establishing new business ventures to cater for the demands of this wide market. The equity market plays a pivotal role in pumping funds that are required for these operations. The growth parameters inclusive of GDP, National income and per capita income are greatly influenced by the contributions of Equity Market. Moving further it also has an upper hand of control on long term capital growth and inflation control for healthy financial market performance. However, the effective functioning of financial market and equity market is entirely governed by the investment decisions made by the investors. It is a commonly observed phenomenon that, the Investors reactions are generally carried away by socio-economic, cultural and psychological incidents that may arise in the society. The consequences of these reactions can be witnessed as the investor’s investment decisions in the equity market. If any impact on these fore said factors occur, an impact on the economy of the country is also experienced. As there exists a direct or indirect relationship between the investments made and the occurrence of any event. The dearth of studies in this context of understanding investor’s approach and their strategies in decision making, compels an investigation to study the investor’s behavior and their actions of decision taken with respect to the nature of investments. The current investigations spreads light on assessing the investor’s behavioral factors that influence predominantly on the investment decisions and its corresponding impact on the equity market. In this investigations necessary data for assessing the behavior was gathered by 1100 individual investors across Bengaluru through a well-structured questionnaire. An appropriate statistical analyses were implemented for better factual insights of the research study. The findings of these analyses demonstrates that the behavioral factors such as the heuristic, prospect and market factors influences investment decisions of the investors. The study demonstrates the role of behavioral finance in influencing the investment decision making and its impact on equity market. Further on the basis of research findings, the study provides a set of suggestions to the investors. Keywords—Equity Market, Investor Investors’ psychological factors, social-economic factors

Financial Transactions in Our Daily Lives: Embracing Digital Currency and Understanding the Risks of Financial Fraud. In today's world, money transactions play a vital role in our daily lives. Traditional manual handling of cash has been the norm for a long time. However, the current landscape necessitates that almost everyone shifts towards digital transactions. Despite initial hesitancy, people are increasingly embracing digital currency. They now readily transfer even small denominations digitally, and leaving home with a digital wallet has become second nature. In this context, researchers aim to delve deeper into public awareness regarding financial fraud and their experiences with such incidents. Understanding these aspects is essential to help people protect themselves from the increasing frauds in the digital age. Key words: Digital Currency, Financial Fraud, Public awareness, Digital age

The purpose of the study was to evaluate customer satisfaction with Amazon's services by focusing on consumer purchase behaviors. Recurring business is often thought to be primarily motivated by customer loyalty, which in turn influences a person's relative's attitude. Everything is available for purchase online, including toys, electronics, software, books, and home products. Furthermore, because it offers so many advantages, the internet has become more and more popular among adult and young buyers in just a few decades. One of the most overused terms in business today is "customer loyalty." A descriptive study design was employed in order to accomplish these aims.In the Madurai city region, 200 respondents provided information. Sitting in front of a computer, customers can shop on a website. Amazon has to make use of the internet's capacity to gather data, offer services, and buy goods in order to grow its clients and, eventually, its earnings. Key word: Consumer, Online shopping, Amazon, E-Commerce

The research is conducted on the topic “A study on Stochastic Inventory Modelling and Resources Optimization Strategies” To construct a predictive model for the actual quantity consumption, the study focused on the daily/monthly requirements of A-type classified inventory over a 5-year period. Data for the research, spanning from April 1, 2018, to March 31, 2023, was gathered from Toyota Kirloskar Auto Parts. Stochastic inventory modelling tools offer a more realistic depiction of uncertainty, providing valuable insights for decision-making. Utilizing the Holt-Winters approach, a well-established time series forecasting technique, a prediction model was created. This technique incorporates the seasonality, trend, and level components of the data, allowing precise forecasting of future inventory use. To assess the model's accuracy and resilience, the Ljung-Box test was performed. This test analyses if the model effectively depicts underlying patterns in the data by assessing autocorrelation in the residuals. The research's results underlined the usefulness of the created prediction model in foreseeing real amount consumption. Implementing this predictive model helps firms to strengthen their inventory management procedures, optimize resource allocation, and realize cost savings. Keywords: Inventory Management, Stochastic Inventory Modelling, Shapiro-Wilk Test, Levene’s Test, ANOVA, Holt- Winters Methodology, L-Jung Box Test.

This literature review investigates the multifaceted landscape surrounding Master of Business Administration (MBA) graduates, unraveling the intricate factors that shape their academic and professional trajectory. At its core, the review critically evaluates the effectiveness of the education system in equipping graduates with the skills and knowledge essential for success in the dynamic corporate environment. The analysis extends to scrutinize the employability of MBA graduates, exploring the determinants that influence their readiness for the job market. Factors such as communication skills, practical knowledge, and the ability to navigate through interviews are examined to provide a comprehensive understanding of employability challenges. Moreover, the literature review navigates through the expansive scope available to management graduates, dissecting the myriad pathways they can undertake in their professional journey. From traditional roles in finance, marketing, and human resources to emerging fields like entrepreneurship and technology management, the scope for MBA graduates is dynamic and evolving. This exploration of scope is contextualized within the broader framework of employability, highlighting the importance of aligning academic pursuits with market demands. In synthesizing these elements, a theoretical framework is employed to provide a cohesive perspective on the interconnectedness of education, employability, and the diverse opportunities awaiting MBA graduates. By examining these dimensions collectively, this literature review contributes to a nuanced comprehension of the challenges and potentials shaping the experiences of MBA graduates as they navigate the intersection of academia and the professional realm. Key words: MBA graduates, literature review, education system, employability, factors, theoretical framework.

This research study aims to investigate the impact of emotional intelligence on employee engagement, job satisfaction, and ultimately employee retention at Wonderla, a leading amusement park located in Bangalore, India. Employee engagement and job satisfaction are critical factors influencing organizational success and employee retention. Emotional intelligence, which refers to an individual's ability to recognize, understand, and manage their emotions and those of others, has been recognized as a crucial attribute in the workplace. The research will employ a quantitative approach, utilizing a survey questionnaire administered to a sample of employees at Wonderla. The questionnaire will assess employees' emotional intelligence levels, their engagement levels, and their satisfaction with their jobs. Additionally, demographic information such as age, gender, and job tenure will be collected to analyse any potential variations in the study variables across different employee groups. The study expects to find a positive relationship between EI, EE, and JS. It hypothesizes that employees with higher EI levels will exhibit higher levels of engagement and JS, leading to increased employee retention rates at Wonderla. Moreover, the research aims to identify specific emotional intelligence dimensions that have the most significant influence on employee engagement and job satisfaction. Key words: Emotional intelligence, Employee engagement, Job Satisfaction & Employee retention.

Increased use of the internet and its tools has caused changes in different spheres of human life. The objective of this research is to identify and explore the influence of increased use of online cookery videos on the demand for non-traditional food ingredients used in the kitchen by housewives. The study was conducted among housewives who are the residents of South India by taking 300 samples distributed across Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Kerala. The methods used in the study include structured questionnaire, personal and telephonic contacts and review of relevant secondary information. The results indicated that the use of non-traditional food ingredients such as edible colors, baking ingredients, and different powders has been increased proportionally with the increased use of YouTube cooking videos on UGC mode. Those food ingredients were not at all used by most of them before using the internet and watching cooking videos. Some housewives who were the subscribers of printed home magazines were already familiar with those items. The samples were put under different inferential statistical methods. Test of hypothesis reveals that the results are significant. It may be concluded that the availability of instant information on food preparation use of new ingredients will change the buying habits of housewives and further enhance the demand for such product items which were not used in the kitchen prior to the emergence of YouTube cooking videos. Keywords: UGC mode on YouTube, YouTube Cooking Videos, Housewives Cooking habits

Job satisfaction refers to the level of contentment and fulfilment an individual experiences in their job or work environment. It’s a multi–dimensional construct that encompasses various aspects of an individual’s job, environmental perceptions, relationship with co-workers, organizational commitment values with organizational goals. Job satisfaction is essential for all industries. This study focuses towards Tata Electrical Private Limited (TEPL) in Krishnagiri, Tamil Nadu, which is a notable entity in the region. It is involved in the manufacturing of precision electronic components. It has provided a significant number of job opportunities in Krishnagiri, particularly benefiting women. The researcher prefers to know the level of satisfaction by constructing various statements based on environmental precisions, attitudes towards co-workers and organizational commitments. These statements are tested through a structural equation model (SEM) based on the questionnaire collected from 200 respondents. Keywords: Job satisfaction, environmental perceptions, Organizational commitments.

Purpose - To put it simply, a brokerage business mediates between potential buyers and sellers. A set yearly charge or transaction fees are the main ways that full-service brokerage organisations get rewarded. There is a limit on the amount of free stock trading that online brokers will provide before charging for more services. Online bargain brokers are offering fee-based services, while full-service brokers are releasing phone applications. The lines are becoming more blurry. Brokers have the option of working for brokerage firms or doing it alone. To facilitate the purchase and sale of stocks, bonds, options, and other financial instruments, a brokerage business or brokerage company acts as an intermediary. When a deal is finalised, the broker is paid via commissions or fees. These days, zero-commission stock trading is available to clients of most cheap brokerages. To compensate for this dip in income, the corporations use other revenue streams, such as trading fees for other goods like bonds and mutual funds and payments from exchanges for bulk orders. Design/Methodology/Approach - This is the number of people from the total population who will be chosen at random to fill out the survey. Investors were included in the sample. To choose the sample, Convenience Sampling was used. The goal of the non-probability sampling method known as "convenient sampling" is to collect data from items that are easy to access. Information has been collected from Primary data through questionnaire. Responses were analyzed by the Descriptive analysis, correlation analysis, regression analysis, test, One-way Anova. Consumer Behaviour Model and Customer Engagement Model research framework have been done. Findings – The result of this study, Majority of female respondents 51% are very strong in stock market investment. In this study, Majority of investors were investing in Motilal oswal financial service where it was 58%. In this study investors where investing in financial service where less than 1month in sharekhan that is 78% and Motilal oswal that is 21%. And 1to 3 months in sharekhan that is 28% and Motilal oswal that is 72%. More than 3 months in sharekhan 77% and Motilal oswal that is 23%. In this study the most preferred retail broking firms is sharekhan that is 14% and Religer that is 22% and Motilal oswal that is 30% and Edelweiss that is 30% and others that is 4.3%. Key Words: Retail Broking, Online Services, Research and Advisory, Mutual Funds, Sharekhan, Motilal Oswal, Financial services.

This study is to examine effects of hybrid working model on performance of employees and productivity, with a specific focus on Samsung Electro Mechanics in Bangalore. With the rapid changes in the work environment due to the COVID-19 pandemic, organizations have adopted hybrid working models that combine remote and in-office work. This study aimed to shed light on how this new working arrangement affects employee outcomes. A survey was conducted among employees to gather quantitative data on their perceptions of the hybrid working model, as well as their self-reported performance and productivity levels. The findings of the study revealed several key insights. Firstly, employees at Samsung Electro Mechanics in Bangalore generally perceived the hybrid working model positively. They reported benefits such as increased flexibility, reduced commuting time, and improved work-life balance. These factors were found to contribute to higher job satisfaction levels among employees. Key words: Flexibility, Remote work, In-person collaboration, Work-life balance, Employee satisfaction, Increased productivity, Communication and collaboration tools, Technology infrastructure, Performance measurement, Managerial skills, Workplace culture.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the connection between work satisfaction and staff engagement at Lemon Tree Hotels. Employee engagement and job happiness are two crucial factors that contribute to employee retention and overall organizational success. The study uses a mixed-methods approach, collecting data from participants through both qualitative interviews and quantitative surveys. employees across various departments. The findings show that there is a positive relationship between job satisfaction and employee engagement, meaning that workers who are more invested in their work typically have greater job satisfaction levels. The results further underscore the significance of professional development opportunities, efficient communication, and organizational support in cultivating employee engagement and job satisfaction. This study provides valuable insights for Lemon Tree Hotels and for other companies looking to improve work happiness and employee engagement. Key words: Employee engagement, job satisfaction, Job design & role clarity, Diversity and inclusion, Rewards and recognition, Organizational culture, Career development

Technical analysis of chosen pharmaceutical stocks: The primary goal of the research is to ascertain the share price of the chosen firm over the preceding five years. Data that has been gathered is secondary data. The RSI displays the range of price volatility that influences investors' decisions to purchase, sell, and hold stocks. Thus, it illustrates which company is worth investing the money needed to purchase shares. Moving averages advise investors to monitor a security's price changes.. this study helps to get knowledge about when to enter and exit from the stock market. The technical skills are required to trade in the market to predict the price movements and determining the trends when to invest and when to exit the market all those things should be taken into consideration. Key words: technical analysis, RSI, MOV AVG, VOLUME, TREND LINE.

VRL Logistics, a significant player in the logistics sector, is the focus of this study, which delves into its value and income statement forecasting. The logistics industry's pivotal role in facilitating global trade and managing supply chains underscores the importance of comprehending the financial performance and anticipating future outcomes for companies like VRL Logistics. Investors, analysts, and industry stakeholders have a keen interest in this. To gain insights into VRL Logistics' financial health and performance, the study conducts a thorough analysis of its financial statements, particularly the income statement. Various forecasting techniques, such as trend analysis, ratio analysis, and time series modeling, are applied to project the company's future financial outcomes. The study's ultimate goal is to offer valuable insights into VRL Logistics' financial position, intrinsic value, and growth potential. The forecasting models developed through this study are not just academic exercises; they are tools that can be utilized for making well-informed investment decisions and strategic plans for the company. This research adds to the existing body of knowledge on valuing logistics companies and forecasting their financial future. The framework established here can be applied to similar businesses within the industry, making it a valuable contribution to the field. Key words: Discounted Cash Flow, weighted Average Cost of Capital, Cost of Debt, Cost of Equity, Intrinsic Value, Market Value, CAGR, Market Risk, Financial Projections.

The purpose of study is to examines the impact of factors affecting Capital structure decision, a Descriptive statistic, correlation analysis and regression analysis method used to analyze firm capital structure. This study involves understanding relationship between the variables. The study mainly deals with the various Factors affecting capital structure. Analysis for the last 5 years’ have been done, by collecting financial statements. Tangibility assets impacting more compare to other variables. The study used Leverage as dependent variable and Profitability, Tangibility asset, Non-Debt tax shield, Growth opportunity, Liquidity, Firm Size as Independent variable. keywords: Capital Structure, Leverage, Tangibility asset, Regression model, Correlation Analysis.

Purpose: This paper aims to investigate the implementation of the New Education Policy 2020, especially in Higher education. The responsibility of institutions and their support and adaptive performance of the students toward academic resilience. Methodology: The research sample includes 410 respondents in Tamil Nadu. Data collection is made through a structured measurement scale. The hypotheses were tested and data were analyzed by using statistical tools such as descriptive statistics, reliability tests, discriminant validity, and path analysis. Findings: The reliability values are more than .8. The hypotheses were tested with path analysis. The result shows that support from institutions and adaptive performance are positively and significantly related to academic resilience. Conclusion: The National Education Policy 2020 gives a substantial way to training in the country. Nonetheless, it is likewise not obligatory to follow. Under this, the top colleges across the world will want to begin their grounds in the country. Keywords: National Education Policy, Organizational Support, Adaptive Performance, Academic Resilience, Higher Education

This research paper delves into the intricate nexus between Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives and the attainment of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 8, which focuses on fostering decent work and economic growth. The study employs a comprehensive secondary data approach, drawing insights from reputable journals, publications, and official reports. Beginning with an exploration of the concept of CSR and SDG 8, the research assesses the impact of CSR on job creation, workplace inclusivity, and sustainable economic growth. The findings highlight positive correlations between robust CSR practices and increased job opportunities, enhanced workplace inclusivity, and sustained economic growth. The analytical framework includes a detailed methodology, examining patterns, trends, and challenges associated with CSR implementation. Recommendations for organisations to strengthen their CSR impact on job creation, address workplace inequalities, and align with sustainable economic growth goals are provided. The study concludes with implications for future CSR practices, emphasising the integration of CSR into core business strategies, and underscores the integral role of CSR in achieving SDG 8 objectives for a more equitable and sustainable future.

Freight transport involves the movement of goods from one place to another. This can include a wide range of items such as commercial goods, commodities, and bulk merchandise. Trucks, trains, ships, and planes are all used to transport these goods to various markets, allowing for global commerce to thrive. Without efficient freight transport, supply chains would come to a standstill, affecting both industries and consumers. Businesses must have efficient supply chains to succeed. The development of trade networks creates a need for value-added logistics management and gives rise to various trends in logistics and supply chains. These trends allow for greater expertise and flexibility in logistic operations, covering larger geographical areas while reducing operating costs and improving the quality of service. Freight transport demand is derived from the activities required to move goods from production locations to consumption locations, including employment, logistics, and transportation. By incorporating logistics into freight transport demand models, we can better predict the impact of changes in logistics systems on future transport flows estimations of interaction costs and predictions of changes in spatial patterns of freight transport flows. In recent years, there has been a growing focus on freight modeling and research aimed at incorporating logistics into these models. This study specifically examines the trends and challenges of logistics in freight transport, as well as the prospects of logistics. Key Words: Logistics, Freight, Transport, Modes

Intellectual property (IP) is crucial for students, not only for the successful completion of their academic courses but also to prepare them for a world of enterprise and innovation post-graduation. Educational institutions nationwide are increasingly focusing on research that leads to commercializable technologies. Students from undergraduate to doctoral levels are being made aware of this emerging environment. Engineering students, for instance, dedicate about 25% of their final year to projects, while postgraduate students engage in full-time research. They collaborate closely with faculty and technicians. Enhanced IP awareness fosters an educated and receptive community within organizations. This is particularly important for technology-based organizations, which can generate significant value by creating and exploiting IP assets such as patents and trade secrets. Students are the pillars of the nation, making legal awareness, especially regarding IP and its protection, essential. Engineering students, in particular, play a vital role in the creation and invention of goods and ideas. Therefore, fostering a culture of IP awareness and protection is critical. This paper aims to analyze the level of awareness regarding patents and their publication among students.

Entrepreneurs have a vital role in fostering job creation, stimulating economic growth, and addressing societal challenges. Moreover, it elucidates a society's audacity, willingness to take risks, and resourcefulness. According to the Global Entrepreneurship Development Institute (GEDI), there is a substantial positive correlation between entrepreneurship, economic growth, and innovation. The Global Entrepreneurship Index for the year 2018 has recently been released by the Global Entrepreneurship and Development Institute (GEDI), encompassing a ranking of 137 countries. The Indian government has implemented a significant initiative, Startup, which aims to foster innovation and cultivate entrepreneurship. The government aims to assist nascent enterprises through this initiative to foster employment, promote economic expansion, and cultivate entrepreneurship across India. The startup ecosystem in India has garnered global recognition. In recent years, there has been a notable proliferation of innovative startups in the business sector, addressing prevalent issues on a large scale. This trend can be attributed to the increasing number of young entrepreneurs who embark on this path instead of seeking employment in multinational corporations or governmental organisations. The key subjects addressed in this article are the role, growth patterns, and challenges encountered by startups in India.
Keywords: Start Up, Entrepreneurship

Internet has now become an essential part of every individual’s needs and the way in which people work and has become an integral part of our lives. Integrating different online information management tools with the help of Internet, many innovative companies have created systems for taking orders, payment processing, customer service, marketing data collection, and online feedback. E-commerce, or Internet commerce, has made shopping online so much easier for everyone, with lots of different products and easy ways to buy. We've taken a look at the strategies of two major e-tailers (Flipkart and Amazon) and compared them to each other. We've looked at the challenges of e-commerce, their business models, how they finance themselves, how they make money, how they grow, and how they stay afloat. We've also looked at how shoppers shop online, what differentiates them, and what products they get. The two biggest e-commerce companies in India have both made a name for themselves, but who will be the big winner or who will be the leader? A comparison between Flipkart and Amazon.com shows the different strategies that can be used to succeed in the e-commerce space and the different opportunities that exist in India.
keywords used are: e-commerce, e-tailer, online shopping, shopping experiences strategies

Mobile marketing is one of the digital marketing which actually meets the need of the diversified people in varied ways, through the service from the mobile marketing people are facing both the positive and negative impact. the purpose of this paper is to analyse consumer purchase decision behaviour and their attitude which are influenced based on the Mobile Marketing. in return which will be more useful to the mobile marketers and advertisers to evaluate themselves whether their approach towards the advertisement and information are productive to the society or not.
Keywords: Mobile marketing, diversified people, digital marketing, positive and negative impact, Consumer purchase decision.

In this modern world, Technology is an important tool which makes students to get their work done easier. Though it plays vital role in this modern world, through this study need to analyze whether this technology instantly helping the students or not, in case if it’s really benefitting need to know to what extent it’s benefitting This study is also concentrated about the impacts regardless of those are positive or negative to know to what extent it gave a progress for the development of society as well as in order to know students level of adoption towards this advanced technology. This study is from the convenient sampling method. data has been sorted using questionnaire method.
Keywords: Vital role, Advanced Technology, Progress, Modern world, students.

Humans are known for their adoption nature, particularly when it comes to embracing new technologies. As all we know, technologies play a very important role in every industry, regardless of whether it be Marketing, Sales, Advertising or others. In the recent times, Artificial Intelligence and automation is used in many industries. However, the adoption and use of these technologies have the both attributes and that is positive and negative impacts on the employees, while artificial intelligence and automation offer benefits for the organizations, the same cannot be said for the employees as they experience both positive and negative effects.so the study has been made to know to what extent AI has lightened the employee’s workload. And to analyze whether AI has transformed the work force by taking over human roles. The secondary data collected to fill the gap between the studies.
Keywords: Artificial intelligence, employment, private sector, Impact, Technology

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to examine the impact of brand perception and customer service on brand loyalty for Pioneer Technologies, with a focus on understanding the preferences and behaviours of consumers. Design/Research Methodology: The study adopted a quantitative research design. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from a sample of 200 respondents. The data was analysed using statistical techniques such as descriptive analysis and hypothesis testing. Findings: The findings revealed that Pioneer Technologies had successfully built brand awareness and loyalty among the Millennial segment. However, there was a need to expand the brand's reach in non-urban areas to tap into new markets. Additionally, customer suggestions regarding communication improvement and knowledge of representatives were identified, indicating areas for enhancement. Managerial implications: Targeting and engaging the Millennial segment, expanding brand presence in non-urban areas, investing in product quality improvement, addressing customer service issues, and maintaining competitive pricing strategies. Scope for future work/ Limitations: Includes conducting research with a larger and more diverse sample for better generalizability and conducting a comparative analysis with competitors. Limitations of the study include the limited sample size and geographical scope, which may affect the generalizability of the findings.

The research is conducted on the topic “A study on the impact of currency exchange rates on the Indian” to build a model that can predict the This paper will analyse the impacts of variables such as foreign exchange rates (Dollar, Euro, Pound), Inflation rate and the Interest rate on India stock Indices such as Sensex and Nifty 50. Here we have considered data of the last 3 years from 2020-2022 from various sources. The focus will be on finding the relationship between macroeconomic variables such as foreign exchange rates, and interest rates on India Stock Indices through coefficient, regression and ANOVA analysis.
Keywords: Indian Stock Indices, Exchange rates, Interest rates.

Purpose: The purpose behind this research is to find out the major reasons for the long tenure of the existing employees in the organization and to understand about their employee engagement activities that effect the retention rates. Design/Research Methodology: This research is a census study consisting of 50 respondents, the questionnaire framework was based on the attributes related to the variables of the study. The responses were received with the help of satisfaction levels like strongly agree, agree, disagree etc. Through Five-point Likert scale at BIO-GEN. The statistical tools used for the analysis are correlation and multiple regression. Findings: The result of this study was demonstrated using employee engagement dimensions like physical, emotional and cognitive attributes. It is found in the study that most influencing factors on employee job performance were physical and cognitive. Were has for retention it shows that all the three attributes are having a significant impact. Practical implication: The findings of the research have a number of management potential consequences for organizations seeking to significantly increase employee engagement. These results will assist everyone involved in successfully designing an engagement activity that will benefit management as well as employees. Social implications: The research is beneficial for society in terms of successful organizational practices like employee engagement, which will help to increase the employees' drive to work diligently and be involved in the organization.
Keywords: Employee Engagement, Retention, Employee Job Performance, Innovativeness, Physical engagement, Emotional engagement and cognitive engagement.

This study examines the causal relationship between Joseph Piotroski F-Score framework and the stock price performance of selected IT sector stocks. The F-Score framework is widely used as a financial indicator to assess the fundamental strength of a company. The objective of this research is to investigate whether companies with higher F-Scores exhibit better stock price performance in the IT sector. The study utilizes a quantitative research design, analyzing historical financial data and stock prices of selected IT sector companies. The findings of this research will provide valuable insights into the effectiveness of the F-Score framework in predicting stock price movements and its applicability in the IT sector.
Key Words: Piotroski F-score, Stock Performance, IT Industry, Profitability, Leverage

This evaluates the financial performance of Voi Jeans retail India pvt ltd company over a five-year period by the calculating return on equity by Dupont analysis. It can be shown that there are only slight variations between company average and industry averages in terms of net profit margin, asset turnover ratio, equity multiplier and return on equity from all of the aforementioned research using ratio analysis. Company averages are calculated values and industry averages are simply comparative values collected though web source. The Dupont Analysis is a well-known financial technique that assesses a company's performance thoroughly by looking at its return on equity (ROE) and pinpointing the main factors that contribute to it. The purpose of this project report is to investigate and use the Dupont Analysis to assess a company's financial performance. The return on equity, however, is negative in past years but in recent years it shows positive values. It shows the company is efficiently generating income on new investment.

This study investigates the analysis of stock market volatility during the Union Budget period, focusing on selected sector indices. The Union Budget, released annually by the government, outlines fiscal policies and spending priorities for the upcoming fiscal year. The study aims to understand the impact of the budget on stock market volatility by analyzing historical data from previous budget periods and comparing it to non-budget periods. Additionally, the study examines how specific sector indices, representing industries such as banking, finance, and infrastructure, are influenced by stock market volatility during the budget time. The findings of this research will provide insights into the relationship between governmental policies, stock market performance, and sector-specific impacts, benefiting investors, traders, policymakers, and scholars interested in understanding the dynamics of the stock market during the Union Budget period.
Key words: volatility, stock market, Union Budget, sector indices, analysis, impact, sectoral performance, nifty 50, nifty auto, nifty energy, nifty media, nifty pharma.

This study aims to provide an in-depth analysis of inventory physical valuation and cost analysis in the context of Ohmium India Private Limited. Inventory management is an important part of any organization as it directly affects the financial performance and overall business operations. The purpose of this study is to examine the methods and practices used by Ohmium India Private Limited in the valuation and analysis of its inventories with a special focus on the use of physical valuation techniques and cost analysis methods. The results of this study help to better understand the inventory management practices of Ohmium India Private Limited and provide insight into potential areas for improvement. By identifying the strengths and weaknesses of inventory physical value and cost analysis, the purpose of the study is to propose strategies and recommendations to optimize inventory management, improve financial results, and improve the overall efficiency of the company's operations.
Keywords : Inventory management, EOQ analysis, ordering Quantity, carrying cost,

A study conducted at SKDRDP, Hosakote, revealed that agriculture loans provided by the organisation have had a positive impact on farmers' economic conditions. Farmers benefited from improved agricultural practices, such as adopting organic methods, new crop varieties, and enhanced irrigation techniques. Assistance and training from SKDRDP contributed to increased productivity and improved yields, benefiting farmers' overall economic well-being. The study employed a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative interviews with farmers and quantitative analysis of loan data. Recommendations include continuing efforts to provide accessible and affordable agriculture loans, strengthening financial literacy programs, and offering tailored loan products for specific agricultural activities to enhance the impact of these loans.
Keywords: SKDRDP, Agriculture loans, Economic condition, Farmers, Improved agricultural practices

The COVID-19 crisis has had a profound impact on healthcare organizations worldwide, including Wellness Hospitals in Hyderabad. This study aims to conduct a comprehensive financial analysis of Wellness Hospitals during the COVID-19 crisis and identify its implications for healthcare organizations. Using financial ratios, trend analysis, and t-tests, the researcher has analysed the hospital's financial performance and provide suggestions to improve financial resilience during similar crises. The study’s findings highlight the challenges faced by Wellness Hospitals and offer insights for effective financial management strategies in the healthcare sector.
Key words: financial Analysis, financial resilience

This study aims to analyse and compare the credit risk profiles of selected microfinance institutions (MFIs) and assess their overall financial stability. By examining financial statements and loan portfolio data, various credit risk indicators are used to evaluate credit quality and risk exposure. Through comparative analysis, effective practices and factors contributing to strong credit risk management are identified. The findings of this study will provide valuable insights to policymakers, regulators, and microfinance practitioners, aiding in the development of effective policies and regulations to enhance the stability of the microfinance sector.
Keywords: Microfinance institutions, credit risk, financial stability, comparative analysis, return on assets, default rates, Bad debts rate, cost per loan.

This study aims to analyse and compare the credit risk profiles of selected microfinance institutions (MFIs) and assess their overall financial stability. By examining financial statements and loan portfolio data, various credit risk indicators are used to evaluate credit quality and risk exposure. Through comparative analysis, effective practices and factors contributing to strong credit risk management are identified. The findings of this study will provide valuable insights to policymakers, regulators, and microfinance practitioners, aiding in the development of effective policies and regulations to enhance the stability of the microfinance sector.
Keywords: Microfinance institutions, credit risk, financial stability, comparative analysis, return on assets, default rates, Bad debts rate, cost per loan.

This research project conducts a comparative analysis of futures and options as risk management tools in the Indian stock market, with a focus on five midcap companies: Jubilant Food works Ltd, Coforge, Biocon, IDFC First Bank Limited, and Cummins India Ltd. Selected based on market capitalization, liquidity, and volatility, these companies represent the midcap segment. Utilizing secondary data from stock market databases and research papers, the study aims to evaluate the benefits and drawbacks of using futures for risk management. It specifically examines hedging effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, and the risk-reward tradeoff. This research contributes to the literature on risk management in the Indian stock market, offering valuable insights for investors and traders seeking to manage risk exposure effectively.

This study examines various issues affecting credit settlement performance in OMFIs in Ethiopia. The aim of the study was to investigate the consequences of Demographic issues like Age, Sex, Level of education, to find out the causes of poor credit settlement performance and to assess the consequences of various issues like interest rate, supervisory visit and absence of business experience on the credit settlement performance of the study area. From the total population of 19, around 268 representative samples from debtors were selected by using stratified random sampling from debtors by dividing the debtors into two strata, in terms of credit settlement status as defaulters and non-defaulters. In this connection, to meet the specific objectives an investigator obtained both primary and secondary sources of data and analyzed by using both descriptive and inferential method of analysis through a binary logistic regression model. The dependent variable was loan repayment performance and the independent variables were Age, Sex, Level of Education, Loan utilization scheme, Absence of additional source of Income, Interest rate, Absence of Business Experience, Supervisor visit and Inflation. Based on the findings, the investigator mention that it is vital to reduce credit settlement issues and improve credit settlement performance of debto4rs in the study area by providing proper continuous supervision, decreasing interest rate as much as possible to reducing the probability of loan utilization for unintended purpose and technical support for on profitable business activities.
Keywords: Micro-finance Institution, Loan Repayment, Defaulters and Non-defaulter

Internet has now become an essential part of every individual’s needs and the way in which people work and has become an integral part of our lives. Integrating different online information management tools with the help of Internet, many innovative companies have created systems for taking orders, payment processing, customer service, marketing data collection, and online feedback. E-commerce, or Internet commerce, has made shopping online so much easier for everyone, with lots of different products and easy ways to buy. We've taken a look at the strategies of two major e-tailers (Flipkart and Amazon) and compared them to each other. We've looked at the challenges of e-commerce, their business models, how they finance themselves, how they make money, how they grow, and how they stay afloat. We've also looked at how shoppers shop online, what differentiates them, and what products they get. The two biggest e-commerce companies in India have both made a name for themselves, but who will be the big winner or who will be the leader? A comparison between Flipkart and Amazon.com shows the different strategies that can be used to succeed in the e-commerce space and the different opportunities that exist in India.
keywords used are: e-commerce, e-tailer, online shopping, shopping experiences strategies

The efficiency of mobile payment apps is under scrutiny, with a focus on user satisfaction and trends in adoption. Mobile payment applications have gained substantial traction, but questions remain regarding their effectiveness. This research investigates the factors shaping user satisfaction with these apps and the evolving patterns of adoption. By evaluating elements such as ease of use, security, and convenience, the study seeks to shed light on the effectiveness of mobile payment applications. Furthermore, it explores shifting adoption trends, considering the influence of demographics, technological advancements, and cultural factors. The findings aim to contribute to a comprehensive understanding of these apps' dynamics and to inform improvements in their development to better align with user needs and expectations.
Keywords: Mobile payment apps, user satisfaction, adoption trends, effectiveness

The modern face of marketing is called digital marketing, and it's becoming more and more well-liked due to its flexibility and convenience. Technology has made consumers more tech savvy, and smart phones have made it simple for them to access the internet. It has developed into one of the crucial marketing tools used by mobile businesses to create their goods. Consumers now search the internet when they need any information. Consequently, marketers began utilizing this platform to disseminate information about their goods, services, and concepts, a practice known as digital marketing. The main goal of digital marketing is to draw customers while enabling them to learn about the brand's features through digital media. This essay discusses the most popular and effective forms of digital marketing among students, along with their influence on mobile purchase behavior, trust in digital marketing, and popularity. The sample of 111 students was chosen at random to examine the causes of the rising popularity and efficiency of digital marketing in comparison to traditional marketing tools.

History has witnessed many progressions and assimilations of various beliefs and practices related to menstruation. Since time immemorial, clothes were used for menstruation. Until some decades ago when the use of sanitary napkins was promoted, no one could have anticipated the enormity of its negative impact. According to a recent survey by The Menstrual Hygiene Alliance of India (MHAI), 36 percent of 336 million menstruating women use sanitary napkins. This means 121 million women, dispose of approximately eight sanitary napkins per cycle, which counts to 12.3 billion sanitary napkins as environmental waste. Menstrual Cup is an appropriate solution for all the sanitary waste. These are reusable, hygienic, environment-friendly, and pocket friendly for every woman. This study specifies the issues and challenges in marketing menstrual cups in India. It focuses on the various initiatives that will boost the market for menstrual cups. The findings of the study have observed that awareness programs related to menstrual cups should be started not only to increase the demand for menstrual cups but also to educate women about menstrual hygiene and sanitary waste. This study has environmental implications and also for medium and small-size startups.
Keywords: Menstruation Cup, Sanitary Waste, Startups, Woman hygiene, Feminine Hygiene Device.

This research aims to explore the evolving landscape of consumer buying behaviour in the context of digital payments. As the world increasingly adopts digital payment methods, understanding their influence on consumer choices, preferences, and spending patterns has become crucial for businesses and policymakers. This study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining surveys and in-depth interviews to gather insights from a diverse sample of consumers. The findings shed light on how digital payments have reshaped consumer behaviour, including payment preferences, impulse buying, security concerns, and the role of digital wallets. Understanding these dynamics will help businesses tailor their strategies and provide consumers with better payment experiences.
Keywords: Digital, Dynamics, Payments, Policymakers, Security.

The "Atmanirbhar Bharat" mission, launched by the Indian government, aimed to foster self-reliance and promote domestic manufacturing and consumption. This analytical study investigates the impact of the Atmanirbhar Bharat Mission on the general public in Bengaluru, one of India's major metropolitan cities. The study employed a mixed-methods approach, incorporating qualitative and quantitative data collection methods. Through surveys and interviews , Primary data was gathered from a diverse sample of Bengaluru's population. Then statistical tools were used to analyze the data and give valuable suggestions. The study assessed the general public's awareness and understanding of the mission, its perceived benefits, challenges faced, and changes in consumer behavior in response to the call for self-reliance. Major objectives of this study includes finding the impact of Atmanirbhar Bharath on quality of locally produced goods, employment opportunities , technological advancements , competitiveness of Indian Businesses , ease of doing business , number of local startup’s or ventures. Preliminary findings indicate that while a substantial portion of the general public in Bengaluru has heard about the Atmanirbhar Bharat Mission, there is a need for increased awareness and education about its specific objectives and strategies. Participants expressed mixed views on its impact, with some acknowledging the potential benefits in terms of promoting local industries and job creation, while others raised concerns about its immediate effects on product quality, affordability, and availability. Overall, this analytical study sheds light on the complexities of the Atmanirbhar Bharat Mission's impact on the general public in Bengaluru and suggestions to overcome them.
Keywords : Impact, Self-reliance, Job creation ,Product quality, Infrastructural constraints, Economic growth, Public awareness, Brand reputation ,Local production.

E-Wallet is one type of digital payment system in which money transactions can be made with the help of a computer or a smart phone. It helps to store digital money and also keeps track of the transactions made by the customer. E-Wallets can be used while purchasing products, paying bills, recharging mobile phones and television channels, book tickets, ordering food online etc. The e-wallet can be used through adding money by linking the bank account, credit card or debit card. There are different types of e-wallets. They are closed e-wallet, semi closed wallet, open wallet, crypto wallet and IoT wallet. The customers can easily transact any amount using these e-wallets, Payments can be made from anywhere in the country at any time which in turn saves the time for every transaction. If Indian Economy goes cashless there will be no need to create counterfeit currency, cross border terrorism and black market. Black Money can be destroyed by using cashless transactions. There are various research studies about awareness of e- wallets among people in various states of India. Even there are research studies about e-wallet awareness in other districts of Tamil Nadu. This research study helps to find out the awareness and usage of e-wallets among people in Thanjavur district. Various strategies can be implemented to increase the awareness level and usage of e-wallets by the people in Thanjavur by the Indian Government to encourage cashless transactions among them.
Key Words: Awareness, Usage, E-Wallets, Thanjavur, Cashless Transactions

Ethical consumerism has gained significant attention in recent years as consumers increasingly prioritize the ethical and social implications of their purchasing decisions. This abstract explores the concept of ethical consumerism, its underlying principles, and the motivations behind its adoption. The abstract also discusses strategies for Ethical Consumerism Factors Influencing the Ethical Consumption, Customers' awareness of ethical consumerism and the ethical aspects present in FMCG (Fast-Moving Consumer Goods) products are subjects under scrutiny. Moreover, there is an exploration of how businesses contribute to the promotion of ethical practices and how consumer demand can potentially influence consumer behavior. The abstract wraps up by stressing the significance of education and awareness in empowering consumers to make well-informed ethical selections, thus fostering a more sustainable and responsible marketplace. In summary, ethical consumerism is an expanding movement that strives to synchronize consumer values with purchase choices, thereby nurturing constructive transformation and motivating businesses to adopt a more socially and environmentally responsible approach.
Key words: ethical consumerism, sustainability, customer behaviour, ethical consumption.

The issue of limited access to financial services is frequently criticised as a pervasive challenge in numerous developing nations. This study posits that a more comprehensive analysis of the "problem of access" can be achieved by delineating various restrictions on both demand and supply. The utilisation of the access possibilities frontier, which is depicted based on a specific set of state variables, allows us to differentiate between various scenarios in the financial system. These scenarios include instances where the financial system operates below the constrained optimum, situations where the constrained optimum is insufficient, and cases where the observed outcome in credit services is excessively high. There is a differentiation drawn between the services of payment and savings, fixed intermediation charges, lending services, and other forms of credit risk. The study comprehends the financial services concept in India, determine the type of financial services available in India, the governmental endeavours about financial services and examine the benefits of having access to financial services based on secondary sources of data collection.
Keywords: Finance, Problem of access, Credit Risk

Fashion psychology is the study of the relationship between clothing and the psyche. It examines how people use fashion as a form of self-expression, and how fashion can influence our emotions, behavior, and social interactions. By understanding the psychological factors that influence our clothing choices, fashion psychology can help designers create garments that resonate with their target audience, and can help individuals choose clothing that reflects their own personal style and self-image. Color can make us feel a certain way when we see it depending on whether we like that particular color or not. We can also associate memories and thoughts with certain colors. It is a powerful communication tool and can be used to signal action, influence mood, and even influence physiological. The use of color in fashion is also an important aspect of fashion psychology. Color can have a powerful psychological impact on the way people perceive and interact with clothing. By understanding the psychology of color, designers can use color to create specific moods and atmospheres in their garments and fashion collections. Overall, both fashion psychology and the use of color in fashion can play an important role in the way that clothing is designed, marketed, and perceived by the public.
Key Words: Fashion Psychology, Apparels, India and Colors

Organizations have become more interested with going green and using sustainable practices. As globalization reaches its pinnacle, businesses are transitioning from a traditional mindset to a competency-based economy ready to adopt green lucrative elements. Researchers' emphasis is shifting away from technology advancements and toward behavior modification of employees due to slow and inadequate environmental sustainability. Work engagement, green HRM, and employee green behavior should all be focused at all levels in an organization. Having HR departments actively involved in green efforts, green HRM is a crucial component of business strategies of organization. The GHRM and sustainability measures in organizations along with human resource factor is the crucial component of this study. A framework is developed utilizing secondary sources of information from academic journals, corporate white papers, publications, keyword searches, and interview with industry experts. By examining the effect of GHRM on employee’s green behaviour to contribute in environmental initiatives, the conceptual framework demonstrates how organizations can create green HRM capabilities and provide work engagement opportunities. This framework will assist organizations in establishing GHRM procedures that might influence green employee behavior through green work engagement. Keywords: Green HRM, green work engagement, employee green behaviour, environmental management, sustainability

Consumers build a mental frame of reference in order to select or pay for a product or service from the same or different brands or producers. The momentum paper is an endeavour, remembering the specific circumstance, to investigate the components impacting customers' choices to buy Quick Purchaser Merchandise (Fast Moving Consumer Goods - FMCGs) and to recommend publicizing procedures that could be utilized to raise shopper mindfulness among provincial buyers. The study used primary data from a sample of 100 rural customers in the Malnad district of Karnataka state using a carefully designed questionnaire. It found that rural customers believed that word of mouth, print marketing, and television commercials played a significant role in their decision to purchase FMCGs. However, they are not entirely in agreement that their decision to purchase these FMCGs is influenced by beauty advice. Instead, they consider their own experiences, store displays, and incentive programs. Rural consumers, on the other hand, were of the opinion that social factors were insufficient to influence their decision to purchase these FMCGs. Producers and marketers may be advised to develop ethical advertising strategies because rural people enjoy commercials in print and electronic media. Key Words: Consumers preference, FMCGs, Rural Market.

The Fear of missing out, or FoMO, points to the uneasiness of not being included in an event, opportunity or experience that an individual considers interesting, valuable, or desirable. The Big Five personality traits, which include sociability, cooperation, perseverance, emotional instability, and intellectual curiosity, are generalisations that can be used to understand human behaviour breed. The objective of this paper was to scrutinise the association between FoMO and Big Five personality traits in young adults. The study involved 290 people between the ages of 18 and 30, who completed the FoMO Scale and the Big Five Personality Inventory. Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient, Partial Correlation and Block Regression Analysis were used to inspect the accumulated data. The results manifested that agreeableness and high scorers among extroverts were more likely to have FoMO. The argument put forth in this paper is that to understand the interplay between FoMO and personal traits like mental well-being and excessive use of social media, additional research is warranted. Additionally, the study highlights the importance of understanding FoMO in young adults and how it may impact their sociability, cooperativeness, diligence, emotional instability, and intellectual curiosity. Keywords :Big Five, Fear of Missing Out, FoMO, Influence, Personality Traits

Green entrepreneurs have high risks in their carrier to implement their business and make them known to the society. There are many risks in the green entrepreneurship like environmental issues, societal issues etc. Green entrepreneurs should have the ability to overcome all the difficulties that comes from the society, as they have to take the decision which does not affect the environment. Green entrepreneurship gives more ideas to save the nature from the destruction. Green entrepreneurship is the business which does not affect the environment in the society. Many customers will come forward to support the green business as it does not affect the environment with this the green entrepreneurs can gain new customers to their organization. Green entrepreneurship is different from entrepreneurship. The customers need the awareness about the green products and services before they prefer to buy. Green entrepreneurs have to make the business sustain in the market for which they have to put much effort to make the business bloom in the market. Key Words: Challenges, green entrepreneurship, green business, environmental factors, opportunities.

Organizations have become more interested with going green and using sustainable practices. As globalization reaches its pinnacle, businesses are transitioning from a traditional mindset to a competency-based economy ready to adopt green lucrative elements. Researchers' emphasis is shifting away from technology advancements and toward behavior modification of employees due to slow and inadequate environmental sustainability. Work engagement, green HRM, and employee green behavior should all be focused at all levels in an organization. Having HR departments actively involved in green efforts, green HRM is a crucial component of business strategies of organization. The GHRM and sustainability measures in organizations along with human resource factor is the crucial component of this study. A framework is developed utilizing secondary sources of information from academic journals, corporate white papers, publications, keyword searches, and interview with industry experts. By examining the effect of GHRM on employee’s green behaviour to contribute in environmental initiatives, the conceptual framework demonstrates how organizations can create green HRM capabilities and provide work engagement opportunities. This framework will assist organizations in establishing GHRM procedures that might influence green employee behavior through green work engagement. Keywords: Green HRM, green work engagement, employee green behaviour, environmental management, sustainability

Life Insurance Corporation (LIC) is the only public sector company in the insurance industry of India. Due to the fierce competition of private sector insurers, the marginal yearly growth of LIC is declining and if it wants to increase the growth and retain its share in the business, it needs to find the more responsive and immediate solution it. The only easiest ways to an insurance company have for this is its service quality because if customers are not satisfied, then the company will be forced to face competition. The aim of this study is to ascertain the reasons for purchasing life insurance policy and identify those factors of life insurance services which have a significant impact on customer satisfaction in LIC. The study shows that satisfaction of customers is linked with insurance agent and functional services of LIC. The study revealed that behaviour of insurance agent, sum assured for covering of risk, amount of premium, policy terms and conditions, procedure of claim settlement and grievance redressal system are some crucial factors of life insurance services which have creating a significant impact on customer satisfaction. The study also reveals that the level of customer satisfaction in LIC is not good. Hence, it is necessary for the LIC to reassess its services and pay its due consideration on functional services for providing maximum satisfaction to its customers. Keywords: Customer, Insurance, LIC, Premium, Risk, Service, Satisfaction etc.

The overall development of a nation depends on the overall development in the rural areas. Micro finance is a sector which is largely depends on SHGs for the efficient mechanism for providing financial assistance to the deprived people in rural areas. Self Help Groups introduced in India through 9th Five year plan (1997-2002).SHG is a group consisting of 15-20 members from a poor homogeneous class and they involve in savings on a regular basis and the pooled resources will be utilized for the loans to its members. Women plays a very important role in society and women empowerment is an essential tool for overall socio-economic development of the county and it is considered as an important multidimensional factor for the world’s development. In this paper, we examined the findings of the past studies to determine the influence of SHG programs on women empowerment. In this study 30 articles are reviewed and most research studies found to conclude that positive association between SHGs program and women empowerment. In many studies, the results varied because of measure of empowerment applied or socio-economic factor differences. The main research question of this study focuses on assessing the role of SHGs in empowering the women socially, economically, politically and culturally in society. Keywords: Micro finance, SHGs, Women empowerment, Socio-economic factors

The saying "Health is Wealth" emphasises the value of good health. People today suffer from poor health as a result of consuming harmful, tainted food products. People must consume and use organic products, which are produced or cultivated without the use of chemicals, pesticides, or fertilisers, in order to solve this issue. In order to protect the environment and ourselves, we must switch to organic farming. Due to the numerous health advantages that organic food provides, it has currently become fashionable to consume it. Organic food is completely natural and loaded with essential nutrients that the body needs. Thus, an effort has been undertaken to identify consumer preferences for organic products. Keywords: Organic Products, Environment, Health Benefits, Nutrients

The main purpose of study is to understand the gender gap that exists in the work force participation between the societies in Indian context. The focus of this paper is to examine different factors and reasons for the low level of participation in the workforce. The study has been carried purely based on secondary sources. In this study, we as researchers have analyzed through the secondary reports for further studies to understand the economic life of women various governmental reports, reports of ILO and the annual reports are reviewed. The study finds out the existing gender divide that exist irrespective of the development, female population are a sector of population that is highly vulnerable to economic perspectives. The study focuses on government interventions, specific public policies that guarantee rights to the female sector of population. The majority of studies on the divide are more focused towards the mental health problems associated with women. This research aims to address the gap by focusing on economic aspects of particularly women and the structure of their growth specifically the economic aspects. Keywords: Women growth, Economic Opportunities, Workforce participation, Opportunities for women, government policies.

Women in today’s scenario are prominent in selecting their portfolio of investment. They indeed required lifting the imbalance that may raise the standard of living of the community. It is very essential to identify the lens that act as a problem or hindrance for the women and trace out the opportunities can be availed in encouraging the potential of the micro and tiny women Entrepreneur in Erode district. Keywords: Gender Lens, Micro and Tiny Entrepreneur government policies.

Women are encouraged to participate in the Gender Lens Investment in order to raise the standard of Living and ensure to make the enrichment of skill for the development of business. Women are entering into the business so that they can highlight their attitude towards rising their opportunities availed in business. An attempt was made to study on the socio economic profile of the respondents residing at Erode district about their satisfaction towards gender Lens Investment. Keywords: Gender Lens Investment, Women Strategy

Women are encouraged to participate in the Gender Lens Investment in order to raise the standard of Living and ensure to make the enrichment of skill for the development of business. Women are entering into the business so that they can highlight their attitude towards rising their opportunities availed in business. An attempt was made to study on the socio economic profile of the respondents residing at Erode district about their satisfaction towards gender Lens Investment. Keywords: Gender Lens Investment, Women Strategy

One of the critical parts of a country's growth is education. The availability of higher learning will aid in the creation of the human capital required to propel the economy forward. India has advanced significantly in the field of education as a result of India and several Indian states' efforts. Every parent wants to give their children the best education possible, and they all agree that a good institute should place a strong emphasis on student discipline. They are very eager to pay for the college and schooling of their kids. All parents concur that children should have a good education and be knowledgeable. Education has a tremendous positive impact on students' and their families' sustainability and quality of life. An essential instrument for developing a better society is education. The repayment of student loans should be considered an investment in the growth and prosperity of the country. Yet with the increased number of people who are defaulting on their student loans, the NPA problem has recently had a significant impact on India's banking sector. When the interest or principle on a loan is past due for more than 90 days, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) deems it to be non-performing (NPA). Nevertheless, this period may change based on the terms and circumstances that the borrower and the bank or financial institution have agreed upon. As a result, the objective of this secondary research is to evaluate the state of education loans, the NPA trend in the education industry, and the factors that contribute to loan default and a greater percentage of non-performing assets for student loans. Keywords: Education loan, Loan Default, Non-Performing Assets, Reserve Bank of India, State Level Bankers Committee, Bad loan

Profitability in general means excess of total revenue over total costs. Profitability is a rate expressing profit as a percentage to total assets or sales or any other variable to represent their relationship. In case of banks, the operational efficiency of the bank is determined based on its income generation through deposit mobilization and interest paid to its deposit holders and stockholders. These indicators alarms the banks to plan the dividend decisions wisely based on the volatility rate of profit acceleration. The main source of income is interest earned and discount on bills discounted. Since banks accept various types of deposits from people interest paid to customers is an important expenditure of the banks. The difference between interest earned and interest paid is known as spread and is a good indicator of banks’ efficiency. The rate of profitability and volume of profits are therefore, rightly considered as indicators of efficiency in the deployment of resources of banks’ profit and thereby profitability i.e. the ability to generate profits, can be increased in two ways 1.Increasing the income on the hand 2.Decreasing the expenses on the other hand. So, it is important to study about the factors which may affect the profitability of the banks. Keywords: Burden, Non-Interest Income, Interest Income, Non-Interest Expenses, Interest Expenses.

In India mutual fund industry started playing a very predominant role in securities market by channelizing the savings into the capital market. Today Indian Mutual Fund works in such a way, as similar to the Mutual Funds in the United States. Indian Mutual Fund industry started offering enormous types of mutual fund by categorizing it on various factors. One among them are Hybrid Mutual Funds. The current study briefly explains about the Hybrid Mutual Fund Industry. This study helps us to understand investor’s perception or awareness level towards Hybrid mutual funds, and level of interest, the various factors that are affecting the investor’s behavior and the problems faced by the investors in India, with the help of a well-structured questionnaire. Keyword: Hybird Mutual Fund, Investor’s Behavior, Securities.

Research studies that go in-depth on organisational behaviours (OB) have viewed OB as a collection of beneficial actions that boost organisational productivity. These activities are those that people take when they are willing to go above and beyond the requirements of their roles to contribute to the achievement of strategic goals. Several studies have connected OB to measures of success for individuals, communities, and businesses. Researchers claim that OB is the least expensive and most economical strategy for fostering competence and achieving organisational success. OB has so far been one of the most effective indicators of corporate success. On the other hand, little research has been done on the causes of OB. In-depth research has been done in the literature on the connection between OB and creative human resource activities. It is not obvious if these behaviours have an impact on individual or organisational OB factors, even though this research have proven that both constructs are intriguing and helpful in the workplace. The purpose of this study is to describe precisely how innovative human resource practises and OB are related. The study examines the five OB dimensions as well as the two structures' various interpretations. 400 teaching faculty members in Bengaluru, India participated in the study, and responses were acquired utilising standardised secondary sources from different colleges. Creative human resource management techniques significantly influence corporate citizenship behaviours, according to multiple regression research. According to a thorough analysis, creative human resource management techniques have a considerable impact on the public ethics, gallantries, and humanity components of organisational behaviours. Key words: Higher Education Institution, HRM Practices, Job Satisfaction.

The main purpose of this study is to find the impact of the workplace environment on the job satisfaction of the teaching faculty and to find whether there exists any difference between the satisfaction of employees belonging to State-owned and Private Universities concerning Workplace Environment in and around Tirupati city, Andhra Pradesh, India. This study is based on a model which has been published by Jacob Morgan (2015), in the forbes.com according to him, every employee experience in any organisation regardless of its industry, geographical area, or size, consists of three environments: The Physical environment, The Cultural environment and The Technological environment. The sample population includes 124 employees that are working as teaching faculty in State Owned and Private Universities. A well-structured questionnaire was used to collect primary data and a Convenience sampling method was used to select the respondents. The study found that there is no significant difference between the satisfaction of employees of State-Owned and Private Universities concerning Workplace Environment. Keywords: Workplace Environment, Physical Environment, Cultural Environment, Technological Environment, Job Satisfaction.

CRM in the banking sector is of strategic importance today. The intensifying competition, declining market share, deregulation and smarter and more demanding customers have put tremendous pressure on banking industry to adopt CRM strategy. It is as a holistic strategy that can help the banks to become customer oriented and implement customer focused strategies, which in turn help them build long lasting relationship with the customers and increase their profits. Key Words: Customer Relationship Management; private and Public Sector banks; Customer Opinion.

Welfare is anything done for the improvement of the conditions of human resources. It has gained prominence in the present day, that every worker working in a particular industry expects some of the welfare activities in favour of them by the employer. A welfare activity includes benefits given for the overall improvement of workers socially, economically and financially. When workers feel that the employers are interested in their happiness, their tendency to grouse and grumble will steadily decreases and that will promote industrial peace. The present study is focusing on the welfare benefits available for construction workers and its awareness among construction workers of Mangalore city. Key words: Welfare benefits, Employer, Workers, Industrial peace, Construction industry

According to the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare's 2020 report, nearly one in two Indians are self-sufficient through agriculture. There are approximately 120 million smallholder farmers in India, and these farmers make up more than 40% of the country's grain production. The Indian economy relies heavily on agriculture. According to a survey conducted by the National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD 2018), wages account for approximately one-third of the income of agricultural households. The issues that small farmers face in India are the focus of this paper. The study's primary objective is to describe the financial impact from the farmers' point of view. It also looks at how their wages and livestock income changed during the pandemic. Also explains how their way of life has changed as a result of the government's schemes and loans. Keywords: Small farmers, income, pandemic, schemes

Monetary advancement of any nation is to a great extent reliant upon its modern turn of events. Subsequently the limited scale ventures area expects a fundamentally basic job in the financial development, rustic industrialization and work age in the country. Three significant areas of the saving that are generally being impacted by MSSI's are producing result, work, and commodities of the country. MSSI's are worldwide acknowledged as an expected driver for financial development. The greatest advantage of MSSI's is their tremendous business potential and high work force at an essentially low capital expense. MSSI Sector contributes around half of the complete Indian commodity. MSSI's holds colossal likely with regards to financial exercises and thus will eventually aid the advancement of resources of the nation's economy. Anyway because of quick changes in economy, MSSI's are confronting difficulties like expanding populace, shortage of occupations and capital assets, etc. Key Words: Industries, Exports, Economic Development.

An education loan is a loan taken out by students to help them cover their educational expenses. This research was conducted at HDFC Credila, a sister firm of HDFC Bank. It is a post-covid awareness study towards the education loan. The objective of this article is to determine how well graduates are aware of education loans and study the value of higher education as well as the bank's financial aid programs. The data will be analyzed using a descriptive method. This study concludes that HDFC Credila should take more effective programs to create an awareness towards education loans that assist students in financing their higher education. Keywords: Higher education, Education loan, Borrower, Awareness, Processing charges

An education loan is a loan taken out by students to help them cover their educational expenses. This research The Central Govt of India has enacted and enforced the RERA Act, 2016 on 1st May, 2016 in all over India to stabilize equalize and to increase efficiency, transparency and accountability and financial discipline in the Indian Real Estate Sector. After the completion of one year to implementation of RERA Act, it was made mandatory and obligatory for every Indian states to establish their own Real Estate Regulatory Authority under the strict provision of RERA Act. There are 36 states including 08 union territories. The purpose of this very ‘Research Article’ is take review of performance of regulatory authorities all the states of India. From the study of above facts it is most importantly found that, despite the Nagaland state only. Almost every states in India have accepted and notified the general rules of RERA. There are 31 states have established the regulatory authority and 28 states have established appellate tribunal of their own. Where as 27 states of all regulatory authority setup the web portal. The regulatory authorities of 21 states have appointed their own official adjudicating officer. And 26 states regulatory authorities have stated to register real estate projects and agents. The process of complaints and cases disposal is started by the regulatory authorities of 22 states. The main aim and objective of this vary Research Article is to take a brief and precise review of performance of regulatory authorities of all the states in India and form the study of these above facts, some of the important points and conclusion can be drawn as below. The overall performance of regulatory authorities in union territories India is gradually slower the expectation of work performance. And the work performance of major states and their real estate regulatory authorities in India is expectably satisfying and acceptable on the other hand. In short, the performances real estate regulatory authorities in overall India states is slower.It is futuristically told that, it the RERA act, 2016 in India Implemented and utilized in proper manner. Then this Act can being a sweeping changes in real estate sector of India. And it every state is in expectation to develop this real estate sector then each and in India should accept, notify and implement RERA Act, 2016 positively and whole heartedly, and then and then only the dream goals, aims and objectives of RERA Act in India would be achieved. Keywords: RERA.RERA Act, RERA Act, 2016, Real Estate Regulatory Authority, Regulatory Authority, Transparency, Accountability, Efficiency, Financial Discipline.

The banks need to be analysed, evaluated and measured in terms of various parameters as they do deal with public money and stand as the back bone of the economy. If a bank fails, it results into crores of rupees of loss and also the confidence and trust of the investors/depositors is lost. The main question arises here is how to evaluate these banks. They are not commercial organizations like trading concerns that deal with purchase and sale of goods, incurring direct and indirect expenses, generating some revenue. They are the financial institutions that cater the needs of business and households by supplying the credit from the money received from the various people in the form of deposits. So a better and much adopted evaluating system is required to evaluate the banks.Apart from the regular Accounting ratios which are used for a company to evaluate and compare the performances of the company, banks need to have a separate and more scientific nature of evaluation of their performance based on some selected criteria. CAMEL model is one of the such globally accepted and adopted methodology for analysing the performance of the banks. This paper discusses the evaluation and analysis of banks selected in Public and Private sector by using CAMEL model and there by the interpretations for analysis and comparison are made in the findings section of research. The research paper throws light on the rankings of selected banks based on CAMEL model and the areas where they have to improvise. Key Words: Indian Banking Sector, Financial Performance, CAMEL Model, Public Sector banks, Private Sector banks

Proxy Advisory Firms are a new breed of financial intermediaries that have already made their mark in the developed capital markets. Now, with them finding their feet in the Indian capital markets, there is a case for enhancing the regulating framework to cover them. This paper identifies several other financial intermediaries and how the regulatory coverage on the PAFs needs to mature and catch up to truly protect the interests of the shareholders. The paper also explores the existing regulation in India and outlines some of the regulatory principles followed in developed jurisdictions for comparison. Keywords Proxy Advisory firms. SEBI (LODR, 2015), Corporate Governance Practices, Institutional Investors.